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Nurses Training and Jobs


Schools and Degrees

More than 700 nursing programs offering bachelor’s degree of science in nursing are available in the U.S. An associate’s degree or diploma in nursing should also be sufficient to enter this profession. Several accelerated courses in nursing, which take about 18 months to complete, are also available. However, these courses are for those who already have a degree and wish to earn quick entry into the profession.

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Training and Education

Education or job training for employees typically involves an associate degree. At least 56% of nurses had a degree of four or more years. About 43% of workers had some college below a bachelor's degree. An estimated 1% of employees had just a high-school diploma.


Job Overview

Nurses chronicle their patients’ medical history and help conduct tests and examinations on them. They study test reports, oversee treatment procedures prescribed by doctors and assist patients with rehabilitation. In addition, they provide emotional assistance and medical advice to patients and their families.


Job Requirements

To become a nurse, one needs to obtain a license completing a nursing program and passing the national licensing exam. Many licenses are accepted in more than one state. Nurses are required to renew their license every 3 to 5 years.

Certification is sometimes required, especially in the areas of clinical nursing. Some states require a certificate in a particular specialty before he or she is allowed to practice in that field. Nurses educated in foreign countries who wish to practice nursing in America need to undergo a federal screening program and pass the Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools Qualifying Examination or the NCLEX-RN.

Nurses should be compassionate and caring. It is extremely important to be responsible and have a sharp eye for detail. They need to be able to accurately judge the condition of the patients and decide when expert medical advice and intervention is required. Since nurses have to deal with human suffering and pain, they should have the ability to remain psychologically composed at all times.


Nature of Work

Nurses usually follow a separate treatment plan for each patient. This involves conducting regular checks on the patient, giving them medicine and looking after the administration of intravenous fluids and other therapies. Nurses can also choose to specialize in areas like critical care nursing, ambulatory care nursing and psychiatric-mental health nursing.

Most nurses work in comfortable settings in health care centers and hospitals. Those who are in public health or home health nursing often need to visit community centers and patients’ homes. Since patients need to be looked after round the clock, nurses should be prepared to work at all hours of the day. Work can be stressful and hours can be long.


Area Job Conditions

The cities with the most nurses per capita are Rochester (Minnesota), Cumberland (Maryland), and Gainesville (Florida), while the worst cities are Austin (Texas), Midland (Texas), and Dalton (Georgia).

The highest salaries for workers are in and around San Jose (California), San Francisco (California), and Oakland (California). The lowest-paying areas are Johnstown (Pennsylvania), Davenport (Iowa), and Punta Gorda (Florida).


Part-Time and Self Employment

An estimated 22% of nurses work part-time. An estimated 1% of workers were self-employed.


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Nurses by Metropolitan Area (city and its surroundings)

In the table below, a Job Density near 0% means the area has an average number of people in this occupation, for its population. A higher or lower Job Density (e.g., +22% or -45%) tells you there are that many more or fewer workers of that type there than in the average US metro area. So, the higher the number, the more common the occupation.

Alabama

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Anniston $55,000 970 +20%
Birmingham $60,000 14,710 +47%
Decatur $51,000 980 +2%
Dothan $56,000 1,750 +65%
Florence $53,000 1,370 +46%
Gadsden $55,000 980 +63%
Huntsville $58,000 4,180 +2%
Mobile $56,000 4,990 +44%
Montgomery $61,000 3,170 -1%
Tuscaloosa $59,000 2,240 +32%

Alaska

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Anchorage $81,000 3,340 +2%

Arizona

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Flagstaff $76,000 1,430 +40%
Kingman $65,000 1,360 +62%
Phoenix $72,000 26,610 -27%
Prescott $73,000 1,460 +50%
Tucson $65,000 8,220 +19%
Yuma 770 -23%

Arkansas

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Fayetteville $53,000 3,060 -24%
Fort Smith $49,000 1,990 -16%
Hot Springs $72,000 1,260 +101%
Jonesboro $55,000 940 +13%
Little Rock $61,000 9,450 +35%
Pine Bluff $53,000 920 +78%

California

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Bakersfield $87,000 3,740 -28%
Chico $88,000 1,570 +22%
El Centro $72,000 750 -16%
Fresno $81,000 4,870 -24%
Hanford $93,000 890 +52%
Los Angeles $83,000 64,630 -22%
Merced $83,000 500 -51%
Modesto $93,000 3,160 +4%
Napa $97,000 1,350 +18%
Oakland $101,000 16,840 -18%
Oxnard $75,000 3,360 -44%
Redding $78,000 1,520 +39%
Riverside $80,000 21,780 -12%
Sacramento $93,000 14,610 -18%
Salinas $97,000 2,580 -18%
San Diego $84,000 21,100 -22%
San Francisco $98,000 17,050 -16%
San Jose $116,000 11,710 -36%
San Luis Obispo $88,000 1,940 +11%
Santa Ana $77,000 22,840 -24%
Santa Barbara $86,000 2,530 -23%
Santa Cruz $97,000 1,450 -11%
Santa Rosa $85,000 3,440 +1%
Stockton $85,000 3,850 -7%
Vallejo $95,000 2,400 +4%
Visalia 2,400 -8%

Colorado

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Boulder $68,000 2,940 -2%
Colorado Springs $65,000 4,980 -1%
Denver $70,000 22,170 -14%
Fort Collins $65,000 3,130 +29%
Grand Junction $65,000 1,240 +20%
Greeley $64,000 1,330 -1%
Pueblo $62,000 1,960 +90%

Connecticut

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Bridgeport $73,000 7,500 -13%
Danbury $74,000 1,260 +0%
Hartford $75,000 12,990 +11%
New Haven $76,000 7,670 +40%
Norwich $73,000 2,250 -5%
Waterbury $70,000 1,850 +48%

Delaware

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Dover $67,000 1,070 +16%
Wilmington $72,000 8,110 +23%

District of Columbia

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Washington $75,000 30,100 -40%

Florida

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Cape Coral $64,000 4,800 +25%
Deltona $55,000 3,370 +12%
Fort Lauderdale $67,000 13,300 -7%
Fort Walton Beach $50,000 1,040 -27%
Gainesville $62,000 5,240 +124%
Jacksonville $65,000 13,010 +6%
Lakeland $58,000 4,150 +11%
Miami $69,000 22,970 +14%
Naples $68,000 2,650 +24%
Ocala $59,000 2,310 +40%
Orlando $57,000 18,350 -12%
Palm Bay $59,000 4,780 +22%
Palm Coast $55,000 330 +29%
Panama City $61,000 1,540 +21%
Pensacola $54,000 4,260 +47%
Port St Lucie $62,000 2,430 +6%
Punta Gorda $49,000 1,310 +92%
Sarasota $61,000 5,960 +21%
Sebastian $60,000 1,290 +53%
Tallahassee $57,000 3,090 -2%
Tampa $66,000 25,300 +8%
West Palm Beach $66,000 10,720 +2%

Georgia

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Albany $55,000 1,290 +14%
Athens $60,000 1,880 +43%
Atlanta $64,000 33,790 -29%
Augusta $65,000 5,070 +24%
Brunswick $53,000 710 -1%
Columbus $61,000 2,630 +24%
Dalton $55,000 710 -43%
Gainesville $64,000 1,500 +17%
Macon $58,000 2,810 +64%
Rome $59,000 1,270 +110%
Savannah $62,000 3,520 +21%
Valdosta $53,000 980 +10%

Hawaii

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Honolulu $85,000 7,160 -20%

Idaho

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Boise $66,000 5,260 +0%
Coeur Dalene $68,000 910 +0%
Idaho Falls $56,000 1,010 +21%
Lewiston $57,000 800 +109%
Pocatello $65,000 520 +1%

Illinois

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Bloomington $55,000 1,200 -8%
Champaign $64,000 1,880 -4%
Chicago $71,000 76,600 -1%
Danville $65,000 650 +42%
Decatur $58,000 1,320 +64%
Kankakee $62,000 1,090 +51%
Peoria $56,000 4,950 +48%
Rockford $58,000 3,930 +44%
Springfield $58,000 2,950 +43%

Indiana

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Anderson $60,000 980 +48%
Bloomington $56,000 1,340 +4%
Columbus $53,000 730 +10%
Elkhart $70,000 1,760 -15%
Evansville $53,000 4,220 +25%
Fort Wayne $51,000 5,160 +27%
Gary $62,000 6,480 +20%
Indianapolis $62,000 20,740 +13%
Kokomo $53,000 950 +40%
Lafayette $57,000 1,390 -1%
Michigan City $57,000 830 +15%
Muncie $51,000 1,340 +66%
South Bend $55,000 2,780 +11%
Terre Haute $54,000 1,590 +26%

Iowa

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Ames $55,000 680 +5%
Cedar Rapids $48,000 2,780 +3%
Davenport $50,000 4,070 +10%
Des Moines $56,000 6,700 +1%
Dubuque $51,000 1,400 +45%
Sioux City $45,000 1,540 +14%
Waterloo $50,000 1,840 +14%

Kansas

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Lawrence $52,000 620 -19%
Manhattan $52,000 960 +2%
Topeka $58,000 2,780 +31%
Wichita $55,000 6,370 +10%

Kentucky

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Bowling Green $63,000 1,380 +37%
Elizabethtown $64,000 1,030 +31%
Lexington $58,000 7,180 +49%
Louisville $58,000 15,890 +28%
Owensboro $56,000 1,760 +108%

Louisiana

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Alexandria $59,000 2,090 +77%
Baton Rouge $57,000 6,910 -8%
Houma $56,000 1,230 -32%
Lafayette $70,000 2,620 -6%
Lake Charles $60,000 1,580 -5%
Monroe $60,000 1,840 +29%
New Orleans $66,000 13,310 +23%
Shreveport $62,000 4,830 +36%

Maine

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Bangor $69,000 1,930 +72%
Lewiston $61,000 1,580 +75%
Portland $60,000 4,800 +21%

Maryland

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Baltimore $78,000 30,670 +14%
Bethesda $79,000 9,040 -23%
Cumberland $58,000 1,350 +111%
Hagerstown $66,000 2,050 +11%
Salisbury $64,000 1,400 +45%

Massachusetts

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Barnstable Town $75,000 2,580 +36%
Boston $93,000 48,240 +35%
Brockton $79,000 2,320 +36%
Framingham $76,000 2,990 -7%
Haverhill $67,000 1,580 +3%
Lawrence $79,000 1,920 +76%
Leominster $79,000 1,300 +47%
Lowell $71,000 2,360 +2%
New Bedford $73,000 1,560 +31%
Peabody $68,000 2,320 +19%
Springfield $71,000 6,610 +10%
Taunton $78,000 760 -4%
Worcester $83,000 7,510 +49%

Michigan

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Battle Creek $74,000 1,030 +11%
Bay City $65,000 730 +31%
Detroit $68,000 18,160 +33%
Flint $65,000 3,780 +50%
Grand Rapids $60,000 7,550 -1%
Holland $60,000 1,130 -38%
Kalamazoo $63,000 3,290 +25%
Lansing $66,000 3,440 -13%
Monroe $63,000 480 -24%
Muskegon $59,000 1,780 +76%
Saginaw $66,000 3,040 +98%
Warren $68,000 19,430 -12%

Minnesota

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Duluth $71,000 3,690 +46%
Mankato $66,000 1,010 -1%
Minneapolis $76,000 34,060 -7%
Rochester $79,000 6,660 +240%
St Cloud $75,000 2,140 +18%

Mississippi

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Gulfport $59,000 2,550 +24%
Hattiesburg $55,000 1,970 +89%
Jackson $61,000 8,000 +58%
Pascagoula $59,000 1,400 +70%

Missouri

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Cape Girardeau $57,000 1,770 +124%
Columbia $58,000 3,090 +106%
Jefferson City $55,000 1,280 -7%
Joplin $44,000 2,050 +39%
Kansas City $65,000 21,760 +4%
Springfield $55,000 5,690 +50%
St Louis $60,000 35,270 +28%

Montana

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Billings $61,000 1,980 +25%
Great Falls $60,000 900 +42%
Missoula $58,000 1,300 +38%

Nebraska

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Lincoln $56,000 3,600 +14%
Omaha $58,000 9,780 +2%

Nevada

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Carson City $85,000 750 +72%
Las Vegas $75,000 12,050 -31%
Reno $75,000 3,180 -16%

New Hampshire

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Manchester $67,000 2,580 +30%
Nashua $65,000 1,970 -26%
Portsmouth $63,000 890 -15%
Rochester $53,000 980 +1%

New Jersey

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Atlantic City $72,000 2,820 0%
Camden $74,000 12,040 +12%
Edison $75,000 18,490 -12%
Newark $78,000 19,580 -5%
Ocean City $63,000 580 -20%
Trenton $69,000 4,190 -8%
Vineland $71,000 1,380 +26%

New Mexico

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Albuquerque $70,000 7,450 -5%
Farmington $65,000 720 -19%
Las Cruces $60,000 1,630 +39%

New York

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Albany $61,000 9,500 +3%
Binghamton $55,000 2,400 +11%
Buffalo $64,000 11,460 +1%
Elmira $54,000 770 +16%
Glens Falls 1,010 +7%
Ithaca $57,000 680 -5%
Kingston $61,000 1,000 -9%
Nassau $78,000 26,180 +1%
New York $82,000 96,270 -10%
Poughkeepsie $73,000 4,950 +0%
Rochester $60,000 10,850 +5%
Syracuse $59,000 6,780 +7%
Utica $58,000 3,020 +25%

North Carolina

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Asheville $61,000 5,430 +55%
Burlington $58,000 1,150 +12%
Charlotte $61,000 17,940 +2%
Durham $63,000 11,070 +99%
Fayetteville $63,000 2,420 -1%
Goldsboro $60,000 1,310 +84%
Greensboro $60,000 7,100 -2%
Hickory $58,000 2,970 +3%
Jacksonville $62,000 700 -7%
Raleigh $62,000 9,040 -14%
Rocky Mount $57,000 1,100 +5%
Wilmington $59,000 2,810 +6%
Winston Salem $60,000 8,120 +93%

North Dakota

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Bismarck $54,000 2,130 +77%
Fargo $64,000 1,130 -52%
Grand Forks 930 +8%

Ohio

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Akron $62,000 7,040 +8%
Canton $56,000 3,860 +18%
Cincinnati $62,000 23,260 +12%
Cleveland $63,000 28,530 +36%
Columbus $63,000 17,740 -6%
Dayton $61,000 9,640 +24%
Lima $60,000 1,990 +112%
Mansfield $59,000 1,220 +31%
Sandusky $56,000 760 +27%
Springfield $55,000 910 +6%
Steubenville $50,000 1,510 +107%
Toledo $58,000 8,850 +49%
Youngstown $55,000 5,310 +17%

Oklahoma

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Lawton $56,000 870 +21%
Oklahoma City $56,000 11,040 -7%
Tulsa $52,000 7,390 -16%

Oregon

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Bend $76,000 1,350 +17%
Eugene $74,000 2,760 +1%
Medford $75,000 1,740 +20%
Portland $78,000 19,610 -7%
Salem $72,000 2,600 -11%

Pennsylvania

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Allentown $69,000 7,700 +10%
Altoona $64,000 1,640 +48%
Erie $55,000 3,470 +39%
Harrisburg $64,000 6,840 +6%
Johnstown $43,000 2,060 +102%
Lancaster $61,000 3,710 -21%
Lebanon $65,000 990 +23%
Philadelphia $72,000 44,720 +14%
Pittsburgh $61,000 28,920 +23%
Reading $62,000 3,170 -4%
Scranton $58,000 5,940 +13%
State College $57,000 1,080 -6%
Williamsport $57,000 920 -1%
York $71,000 3,520 +1%

Rhode Island

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Providence $70,000 14,550 +28%

South Carolina

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Charleston $67,000 8,540 +47%
Columbia $60,000 8,700 +23%
Florence $56,000 3,130 +111%
Greenville $60,000 6,240 +3%
Myrtle Beach $53,000 1,560 -25%
Spartanburg $55,000 2,630 +18%
Sumter $57,000 690 +23%

South Dakota

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Rapid City $58,000 1,730 +48%
Sioux Falls $57,000 4,800 +77%

Tennessee

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Chattanooga $58,000 6,530 +43%
Clarksville $58,000 1,410 -4%
Jackson $53,000 2,060 +92%
Johnson City $57,000 2,690 +101%
Kingsport $55,000 3,130 +33%
Knoxville $58,000 9,190 +36%
Memphis $64,000 14,870 +18%
Morristown $54,000 750 -8%
Nashville $65,000 14,860 -2%

Texas

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Abilene $60,000 1,460 +26%
Amarillo $60,000 2,620 +28%
Austin $65,000 10,080 -38%
Beaumont $59,000 2,410 -24%
Brownsville $69,000 2,330 -8%
College Station $60,000 1,180 -33%
Corpus Christi $62,000 3,400 -4%
Dallas $68,000 33,060 -24%
El Paso $63,000 4,760 -13%
Fort Worth $65,000 14,780 -17%
Houston $72,000 42,220 -22%
Killeen $66,000 3,250 +30%
Laredo $65,000 1,170 -20%
Longview $60,000 1,800 -1%
Lubbock $56,000 3,270 +34%
Mcallen $72,000 4,400 -4%
Midland $57,000 670 -42%
Odessa $61,000 960 -7%
San Angelo $58,000 1,080 +48%
San Antonio $69,000 16,890 -6%
Sherman $57,000 1,120 +54%
Texarkana $65,000 1,620 +65%
Tyler $60,000 2,820 +65%
Victoria $50,000 1,380 +61%
Waco $66,000 2,200 +15%
Wichita Falls $57,000 1,190 +18%

Utah

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Logan $56,000 680 -19%
Ogden $61,000 2,920 -26%
Provo $60,000 3,210 -4%
Salt Lake City $61,000 9,340 -25%
St George $59,000 1,060 +30%

Vermont

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Burlington $66,000 2,510 +17%

Virginia

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Blacksburg $55,000 1,000 -10%
Danville $60,000 850 +43%
Harrisonburg $57,000 890 -12%
Lynchburg $62,000 2,220 +18%
Richmond $66,000 13,380 +6%
Roanoke $58,000 4,000 +31%
Virginia Beach $62,000 12,570 -19%

Washington

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Bremerton $71,000 1,480 -5%
Kennewick $67,000 1,370 -28%
Longview $74,000 800 +41%
Mount Vernon $77,000 790 +1%
Olympia $73,000 1,720 -9%
Seattle $77,000 22,920 -21%
Spokane $72,000 5,840 +43%
Tacoma $76,000 6,080 +14%
Wenatchee $67,000 1,040 +53%
Yakima $65,000 1,940 +23%

West Virginia

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Charleston $58,000 3,720 +31%
Huntington $58,000 4,600 +110%
Morgantown $59,000 2,450 +155%
Parkersburg $53,000 1,540 +22%
Wheeling $44,000 1,930 +61%

Wisconsin

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Appleton $59,000 1,610 -27%
Eau Claire $64,000 1,740 +26%
Fond $60,000 790 +5%
Green Bay $62,000 3,130 -6%
Janesville $63,000 1,370 +18%
La Crosse $55,000 2,200 +65%
Madison $75,000 6,940 +1%
Milwaukee $64,000 17,670 +4%
Oshkosh $59,000 1,660 +0%
Racine $63,000 1,420 +2%
Sheboygan $64,000 720 -29%
Wausau $62,000 1,180 -3%

Wyoming

City and Area Median Salary Employees Job Density
Casper $59,000 820 +30%
Cheyenne $64,000 1,080 +45%
*FOOTNOTES: Job Facts salary and numbers data is based on US Department of Labor Statistics data for 2011. Other data on page may be from earlier years. Typical salary is given as median salary, where 50% in the job make more and 50% less. Salary range is Job Hunt's estimates of typical starting salary as being at the 10th percentile of reported pay and typical top end salary, for the most senior workers, as being at the 90th. Job openings is an estimate of new jobs every year due to growth plus those leaving the field. Where NA is given data is not available. Suggested studies is based on Job Hunt research, suggesting a minimum degree level that is judged to offer the best opportunities for entry-level employment. This Registered Nurses schools and career page was originally researched by CityTownInfo.com.